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ACL Reconstruction

Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) reconstruction is a surgical procedure performed to repair or replace a torn ACL, one of the key ligaments that stabilize the knee joint. ACL injuries commonly occur during sports or high-impact activities involving sudden stops, changes in direction, or direct trauma to the knee. A torn ACL can lead to knee instability, swelling, pain, and difficulty performing daily or athletic activities. The surgery involves replacing the damaged ligament with a graft, which can be taken from the patient’s own tendon (autograft) or a donor (allograft). Modern techniques often use minimally invasive arthroscopic methods to reduce recovery time and surgical trauma. Postoperative rehabilitation is crucial for restoring strength, flexibility, and full knee function.

Indications for ACL Reconstruction
  • Complete ACL tear confirmed by MRI or clinical tests
  • Knee instability affecting daily activities or sports
  • Recurrent episodes of the knee “giving way”
  • Associated injuries like meniscus or cartilage damage
  • Young, active individuals aiming to return to sports
Surgical Procedure Points
  • Arthroscopic or minimally invasive approach for graft placement
  • Graft fixation using screws or special devices
  • Careful alignment to restore knee stability
  • Simultaneous repair of associated injuries if present
  • Operation usually lasts 1–2 hours under general or spinal anesthesia
Postoperative Care and Rehabilitation
  • Initial immobilization and gradual weight-bearing with crutches
  • Pain and swelling management with medications and cold therapy
  • Structured physiotherapy to restore range of motion
  • Strengthening exercises for quadriceps, hamstrings, and core muscles
  • Gradual return to sports after 6–9 months depending on recovery